From the nutmeg tree, its seeds are a real favourite with both herbalists and chefs. Nutmeg contains two essential oils, myristicin and macelignan, which are proven to reduce the degradation of cognitive function, and are therefore beneficial for those suffering from Alzheimer's disease. Nutmeg also contains a compound similar to menthol, which acts as a natural pain reliever. It contains potassium, magnesium, iron and calcium.